almanach network LAN

media types
10Base2 Coaxial RG-58A/U RG-58C/U (thinnet) 185m AUI / MAU on NC
10Base5 Coaxial RG-8 (thicknet, yellow cable) 500m AUI / MAC separated
10BaseFL fibre optic 2km (850nm multimode)
5km (1300nm multimode)
20km (1300nm monomode)
 
10BaseT STP / UTP (Cat. 3/4/5) 100m  
100VG-AnyLAN STP / UTP (Cat. 5)   Ethernet + TokenRing
100BaseT4      
100BaseFx fibre optic 400m (1300nm)  
100BaseSx fibre optic 300m (850nm)  
100BaseTx STP / UTP (Cat.5) 100m  
1000BaseSX fibre optic 220-550m (850nm)  
1000BaseLX fibre optic 550-5000m (1300nm)  
media converter
MAU <-> MAU, physical layer

10BaseT (1024 segments, 4 repeaters * 1 node per segment = 1024 nodes)
10Base5 Thicknet (5 segments, 4 repeaters, 3 populated segments * 100 nodes per segment = 300 nodes)
10Base2 Thinnet (5 segments, 4 repeaters, 3 populated segments * 30 nodes per segment = 90 nodes)

100BaseT 'Fast Ethernet'
1000BaseT 'Gigabit Ethernet'

10GBit Ethernet www.10gea.org

CSMA/CD Ethernet (10Mbit [Manchester code], 100Mbit [4B/5B code], 1000Mbit [8B/10B code]) collision detection
CSMA/CA collision avoidance
TokenRing
DemandPriority
FDDI
AppleTalk
ARCnet (attached resource computer network)

protocols
SNMP, NFS, FTP, HTTP Application layer  
  Presentation layer  
  Session layer  
TCP, SPX, NWLink, NetBEUI, DLC, ATP Transport layer  
IP, IPX, RIP Network layer  
PPP Data layer  
SLIP Physical layer  

protocols
TCP/IP (TCP-UDP, NFS, SLIP, PPP, PPTP, ...)
  RFC (Request for comment)
  RFC 2460 - IPv6
IPX/SPX
NetBEUI
AppleTalk (ATP)
SMTP
DLC
LAT
SNMP
ARP (adress resolution protocol) maps IP to MAC
LDAP 2 (support: NDS/eDirectory, Exchange 5.0, DCE)
LDAP 3 (support: NDS/eDirectory, Exchange 5.5, DCE)

TCP/IP private networks
10.x.x.x
172.1-10.x.x
192.168.x.x

OSI (open systems interconnect) layer model
Application gateway enables applications to use network  
Presentation gateway translates application - network data  
Session gateway   connection control
Transport gateway packet sizing + sorting  
Network router, brouter (HW + logical adressing) frame packets, logical adressed routing
Data bridge, switch (hub w/ HW adressing) bit frames, header, HW adressed error+flow control
Physical repeater, hub, connector, NIC, transceiver bits  

transceiver= transmitter + receiver

DOD layer model
     
     
     
     
ring, mesh, bus, star (+hybrids)

IEEE 802 standards
802.1 Internetworking and the OSI model
802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC)
802.3 CSMA/CD (Ethernet)
802.3u 100Base-TX
802.3ab 1000Base-T
802.4 Token bus
802.5 Token Ring
802.6 Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
802.7 Broadband technologies
802.8 Fibre optic technologies
802.9 Hybrid networking (voice and data)
802.10 Network security
802.11 Wireless networking 1~2MBit/s @ 2.4GHz
802.11a 5.0GHz, 8channel, 54Mbps
802.11b 2.4GHz, 4channel, 11Mbps
802.11g 2.4GHz, 4channel, 54Mbps
802.11n 2.4GHz, 4channel, 100Mbps
802.12 High-Speed LANs
802.15 Bluetooth 10MBit/s

WDM (wavelegth division multiplexing)
MPLS (multi protocol label switching)
DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing)
ChDM (coherence division multiplexing)
CoDM (code division multiplexing)
FDM (frquency division multiplexing)

SDH (synchronous digital hierarchy)

baseband (digital, one band with high/low levels), broadband (analog, multiband w/ frequency modulation)

HomePNA (Home Phoneline Networking Association) 10MBit/s on usual phone wires
HomeRF (swap - shared wireless access protocol) wireless communication
IEEE802.11b
Bluetooth (762kBit/s, 10meters)
IEEE802.15 (Bluetooth with 10MBit/s)

http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/misc/100mbs.html

NDIS (Microsoft/IBM), ODI (Novell/Apple) translates between network card driver (media access) and transport protocol
allows multiple protocols on one NIC + multiple NIC on one protocol