almanach network LAN
media types
10Base2 |
Coaxial RG-58A/U RG-58C/U (thinnet) |
185m |
AUI / MAU on NC |
10Base5 |
Coaxial RG-8 (thicknet, yellow
cable) |
500m |
AUI / MAC separated |
10BaseFL |
fibre optic |
2km (850nm multimode)
5km (1300nm multimode)
20km (1300nm monomode) |
|
10BaseT |
STP / UTP (Cat. 3/4/5) |
100m |
|
100VG-AnyLAN |
STP / UTP (Cat. 5) |
|
Ethernet + TokenRing |
100BaseT4 |
|
|
|
100BaseFx |
fibre optic |
400m (1300nm) |
|
100BaseSx |
fibre optic |
300m (850nm) |
|
100BaseTx |
STP / UTP (Cat.5) |
100m |
|
1000BaseSX |
fibre optic |
220-550m (850nm) |
|
1000BaseLX |
fibre optic |
550-5000m (1300nm) |
|
media converter
MAU <-> MAU, physical layer
10BaseT (1024 segments, 4 repeaters * 1 node per segment = 1024 nodes)
10Base5 Thicknet (5 segments, 4 repeaters, 3 populated segments * 100 nodes per
segment = 300 nodes)
10Base2 Thinnet (5 segments, 4 repeaters, 3 populated segments * 30 nodes per
segment = 90 nodes)
100BaseT 'Fast Ethernet'
1000BaseT 'Gigabit Ethernet'
10GBit Ethernet www.10gea.org
CSMA/CD Ethernet (10Mbit [Manchester code], 100Mbit [4B/5B code], 1000Mbit [8B/10B
code]) collision detection
CSMA/CA collision avoidance
TokenRing
DemandPriority
FDDI
AppleTalk
ARCnet (attached resource computer network)
protocols
SNMP, NFS, FTP, HTTP |
Application layer |
|
|
Presentation layer |
|
|
Session layer |
|
TCP, SPX, NWLink, NetBEUI, DLC,
ATP |
Transport layer |
|
IP, IPX, RIP |
Network layer |
|
PPP |
Data layer |
|
SLIP |
Physical layer |
|
protocols
TCP/IP (TCP-UDP, NFS, SLIP, PPP, PPTP, ...)
RFC (Request for comment)
RFC 2460 - IPv6
IPX/SPX
NetBEUI
AppleTalk (ATP)
SMTP
DLC
LAT
SNMP
ARP (adress resolution protocol) maps IP to MAC
LDAP 2 (support: NDS/eDirectory, Exchange 5.0, DCE)
LDAP 3 (support: NDS/eDirectory, Exchange 5.5, DCE)
TCP/IP private networks
10.x.x.x
172.1-10.x.x
192.168.x.x
OSI (open systems interconnect) layer model
Application |
gateway |
enables applications to use network |
|
Presentation |
gateway |
translates application - network
data |
|
Session |
gateway |
|
connection control |
Transport |
gateway |
packet sizing + sorting |
|
Network |
router, brouter (HW + logical
adressing) |
frame packets, logical adressed |
routing |
Data |
bridge, switch (hub w/ HW adressing) |
bit frames, header, HW adressed |
error+flow control |
Physical |
repeater, hub, connector, NIC,
transceiver |
bits |
|
transceiver= transmitter + receiver
DOD layer model
ring, mesh, bus, star (+hybrids)
IEEE 802 standards
802.1 |
Internetworking and the OSI model |
802.2 |
Logical Link Control (LLC) |
802.3 |
CSMA/CD (Ethernet) |
802.3u |
100Base-TX |
802.3ab |
1000Base-T |
802.4 |
Token bus |
802.5 |
Token Ring |
802.6 |
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) |
802.7 |
Broadband technologies |
802.8 |
Fibre optic technologies |
802.9 |
Hybrid networking (voice and
data) |
802.10 |
Network security |
802.11 |
Wireless networking 1~2MBit/s
@ 2.4GHz |
802.11a |
5.0GHz, 8channel, 54Mbps |
802.11b |
2.4GHz, 4channel, 11Mbps |
802.11g |
2.4GHz, 4channel, 54Mbps |
802.11n |
2.4GHz, 4channel, 100Mbps |
802.12 |
High-Speed LANs |
802.15 |
Bluetooth 10MBit/s |
WDM (wavelegth division multiplexing)
MPLS (multi protocol label switching)
DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing)
ChDM (coherence division multiplexing)
CoDM (code division multiplexing)
FDM (frquency division multiplexing)
SDH (synchronous digital hierarchy)
baseband (digital, one band with high/low levels), broadband (analog, multiband
w/ frequency modulation)
HomePNA (Home Phoneline Networking Association) 10MBit/s on usual phone wires
HomeRF (swap - shared wireless access protocol) wireless communication
IEEE802.11b
Bluetooth (762kBit/s, 10meters)
IEEE802.15 (Bluetooth with 10MBit/s)
http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/misc/100mbs.html
NDIS (Microsoft/IBM), ODI (Novell/Apple) translates between network card driver
(media access) and transport protocol
allows multiple protocols on one NIC + multiple NIC on one protocol